Hydraulic and ecological changes under drainage gate operations with coupled model SCHISM-CoSiNE in Saemangeum basin, Korea
Abstract
The drainage gates have been controlled for desalination under normal conditions and flood defense in Saemangeum basin, Korea. Recently, it became an issue that the gates have been opened not to deteriorate water quality in the lake. It is, thus, necessary to precisely estimate the changes of water quality characteristics, especially DO, phosphate and nitrate, in the lake according to various gate operations. In this study, Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model and Carbon, Silicate, Nitrogen Ecosystem model (SCHISM-CoSiNE) which is cable to simulate dynamic exchange such as gate operation conditions was utilized to obtain reliable and reasonable results including hydrodyanamic and environmental variables. For the verification, the measured data at 6 locations in Saemangeum basin was used to compare incluidng temperatue and salintiy from 2016 and each relative error became small enough to show high accurary. Also, under various scenarios by changing the designated water surface elevation on flood seasons, this model has been applied to present the best designated water surface elevation in terms of both water quality and water supply in the Saemangeum basin. It becomes possbile to show reliable guidance for dynamic operations and environmental changes with this model as requested in near future.
Keyword : gate operation, water quality, 3D numerical model, SCHISM, CoSiNE, designated water surface elevation
How to Cite
Yoo, H. J., Jeong, S., Kim, D. H., & Lee, S. O. (2021). Hydraulic and ecological changes under drainage gate operations with coupled model SCHISM-CoSiNE in Saemangeum basin, Korea. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 29(3), 346-358. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.15130
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Ryu, K. H. (2018). A study on integrated water management of Saemangeum for environmental changes [PhD Thesis, Hongik University]. Seoul, Korea.
Saadatpour, M. (2020). An adaptive surrogate assisted CE-QUAL-W2 model embedded in hybrid NSGA-II_AMOSA algorithm for resorvoir water quality and quantity management. Water Resources Management, 34, 1437–1451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-020-02510-x
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Suh, S. W., & Cho, W. H. (2007). Hydraulic change analysis on Saemangeum reservoir after final closure. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers, 27(3B), 361–369.
Suh, S. W., & Lee, H. Y. (2008). Water quality simulations after completion of Saemangeum reservoir construction. Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, 28(1B), 79–93.
Umlauf, L., & Burchard, H. (2003). A generic length-scale equation for geophysical turbulence models. Journal of Marine Research, 61(2), 235–265. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224003322005087
Wang, F. C. (1984). The dynamics of a river‐bay‐delta system. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 89(C5), 8054–8060. https://doi.org/10.1029/JC089iC05p08054
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Yokoyama, T., & Kyozuka, Y. (2003). Experimental study on flow and tidal exchange of a reservoir through dike gates in Isahaya Bay. In The Thirteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (pp. 331–337). International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers.
Zhang, Y. J., Ateljevich, E., Yu, H. C., Wu, C. H., & Jason, C. S. (2015). A new vertical coordinate system for a 3D unstructured-grid model. Ocean Modelling, 85, 16–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.10.003
Zhang, Y. J., Ye, F., Stanev, E. V., & Grashorn, S. (2016). Seamless cross-scale modeling with SCHISM. Ocean Modelling, 102, 64–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.05.002
Zigic, S., King, B., & Lemckert, C. (2005). Modelling the two-dimensional flow between an estuary and lake connected by a bi-directional hydraulic structure. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 63(1–2), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2004.11.001
Cavanagh, D., Dalrymple, B., & Wood, M. (2006). Managing water quality in the Richmond River Estuary, Australia. In 9th International River Symposium & Environmental Flows Conference. Brisbane, Australia. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.656.4465&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Chai, F., Dugdale, R. C., Peng, T. H., Wilkerson, F. P., & Barber, R. T. (2002). One-dimensional ecosystem model of the equatorial Pacific upwelling system. Part I: Model development and silicon and nitrogen cycle. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 49(13–14), 2713–2745. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00055-3
Chai, F., Jiang, M., Barber, R. T., Dugdale, R. C., & Chao, Y. (2003). Interdecadal variation of the transition zone chlorophyll front: A physi-cal-biological model simulation between 1960 and 1990. Journal of Oceanography, 59(4), 461–475. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025540632491
Chai, F., Jiang, M. S., Chao, Y., Dugdale, R. C., Chavez, F., & Barber, R. T. (2007). Modeling responses of diatom productivity and biogenic silica export to iron enrichment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 21(3), GB3S90. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002804
Jeong, S. I., Ryu, K. H., & Lee, S. O. (2017). Numerical sensitivity analysis on hydraulic characteristics by dredging in upstream of abrupt expansion region. Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, 32(4), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2017.32.4.46
Jeong, S. I., Ryu, K. H., Jung, Y. H., & Lee, S. O. (2018a). Optimal management of water level for water quality security in Saemangeum Basin. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 18(5), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2018.18.5.301
Jeong, S. I., Yoo, H. J., Ryu, K. H., & Lee, S. O. (2018b). Numerical simulation for river safety of Saemangeum Basin according to Master Plan. Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, 33(5), 127–133. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2018.33.5.127
Jeong, Y. H., & Yang, J. S. (2015). The long-term variations of water qualities in the Saemangeum salt-water lake after the sea-dike construc-tion. Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy, 18(2), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.7846/JKOSMEE.2015.18.2.51
Jinqiong, Z., Yuan, Y., & Xue, L. (2020). Impact of tide gate operation on sediment and water quality of Yongding New River. In K. Nguyen, S. Guillou, P. Gourbesville, & J. Thiébot (Eds.), Springer water. Estuaries and coastal zones in times of global change (pp. 755–763). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2081-5_44
Kim, S. M., Park, Y. K., Won, C. H., & Kim, M. H. (2016). Analysis of scenarios for environmental instream flow considering water quality in Saemangeum watershed. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 38(3), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2016.38.3.117
Korea Rural Community Corporation. (2006). Report for environmental effect on reclamation of Saemangeum.
Korea Rural Community Corporation. (2012~2015). Enverionmental survey report for Saemangeum district.
Korea Rural Community Corporation. (2016). Enverionmental survey report for Saemangeum district.
Korean Government. (2011). Saemangeum master plan.
Li, T., & Kim, G. (2019). Impacts of climate change scenarios on non-point source pollution in the Saemangeum Watershed, South Korea. Water, 11(10), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11101982
Liu, Q., Chai, F., Dugdale, R., Chao, Y., Xue, H., Rao, S., Wilkerson, F., Farrara, J., Zhang, H., Wang, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2018). San Francisco Bay nutrients and plankton dynamics as simulated by a coupled hydrodynamic-ecosystem model. Continental Shelf Research, 161, 29–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2018.03.008
Lenton, T. M., & Watson, A. J. (2000). Redfield revisited: 1. Regulation of nitrate, phosphate, and oxygen in the ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 14(1), 225–248. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GB900065
Manasrah, R., Raheed, M., & Badran, M. I. (2006). Relationships between water temperature, nutrients and dissolved oxygen in the northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Oceanologia, 48(2), 237–253. http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/482manas.pdf
Minh, H. V. T., Kurasaki, M., Ty, T. V., Tran, D. Q., Le, K. N., Avtar, R., Rahman, Md. M., & Osaki, M. (2019). Effects of multi-dike pro-tection systems on surface water quality in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Water, 11(5), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11051010
Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea. (2019). Framework act on environmental policy. https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_mobile/viewer.do?hseq=44666&type=part&key=39
Mirza, I. A., & Vieru, D. (2017). Fundamental solutions to advection–diffusion equation with time-fractional Caputo–Fabrizio derivative. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 73(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2016.09.026
Oda, Y., Nakano, S., Suh, J. M., Oh, H. J., Jin, M. Y., Kim, Y. J., Sakamoto, M., & Chang, K. H. (2018). Spatiotemporal variability in a co-pepod community associated with fluctuations in salinity and trophic state in an artificial brackish reservoir at Saemangeum, South Korea. PloS One, 13(12), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209403
Park, Y. C., Park, J. K., Han, M. W., Son, S. K., Kim, M. K., & Huh, S. H. (1997). Biogeochemical study of dissolved organic and inorganic compounds under oxic/anoxic environment in Lake Shihwa. The Sea, 2(2), 53–68. http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO199734141858302.page
Quirós, R. (2003). The relationship between nitrate and ammonia concentrations in the pelagic zone of lakes. Limnetica, 22(1–2), 37–50. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242422416_The_relationship_between_nitrate_and_ammonia_concentrations_in_the_pelagic_zone_of_lakes
Ryu, K. H. (2018). A study on integrated water management of Saemangeum for environmental changes [PhD Thesis, Hongik University]. Seoul, Korea.
Saadatpour, M. (2020). An adaptive surrogate assisted CE-QUAL-W2 model embedded in hybrid NSGA-II_AMOSA algorithm for resorvoir water quality and quantity management. Water Resources Management, 34, 1437–1451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-020-02510-x
Stuyfzand, P. J., De Lange, W. J., & Zindler, J. A. (2004). Recognition, dating and genesis of fresh and brackish groundwaters in the Holland-sch Diep estuary in the compound Rhine-Meuse delta. In Proceedings of the 18th Salt Water Intrusion Meeting (SWIM), Cartagena, Spain (pp. 665–678).
Suh, S. W., & Cho, W. H. (2007). Hydraulic change analysis on Saemangeum reservoir after final closure. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers, 27(3B), 361–369.
Suh, S. W., & Lee, H. Y. (2008). Water quality simulations after completion of Saemangeum reservoir construction. Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, 28(1B), 79–93.
Umlauf, L., & Burchard, H. (2003). A generic length-scale equation for geophysical turbulence models. Journal of Marine Research, 61(2), 235–265. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224003322005087
Wang, F. C. (1984). The dynamics of a river‐bay‐delta system. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 89(C5), 8054–8060. https://doi.org/10.1029/JC089iC05p08054
Wang, Z., Chai, F., Dugdale, R., Liu, Q., Xue, H., Wikerson, F., Chao, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, H. (2020). The interannual variabilities of chlorophyll and nutrients in San Francisco Bay: A modeling study. Ocean Dynamics, 70(8), 1169–1186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-020-01386-0
Weng, X., Jiang, C., Zhang, M., Yuan, M., & Zeng, T. (2020). Numeric study on the influence of Sluice-Gate Operation on Salinity, nutrients and organisms in the Jiaojiang River Estuary, China. Water, 12(7), 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12072026
Yokoyama, T., & Kyozuka, Y. (2003). Experimental study on flow and tidal exchange of a reservoir through dike gates in Isahaya Bay. In The Thirteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (pp. 331–337). International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers.
Zhang, Y. J., Ateljevich, E., Yu, H. C., Wu, C. H., & Jason, C. S. (2015). A new vertical coordinate system for a 3D unstructured-grid model. Ocean Modelling, 85, 16–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.10.003
Zhang, Y. J., Ye, F., Stanev, E. V., & Grashorn, S. (2016). Seamless cross-scale modeling with SCHISM. Ocean Modelling, 102, 64–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.05.002
Zigic, S., King, B., & Lemckert, C. (2005). Modelling the two-dimensional flow between an estuary and lake connected by a bi-directional hydraulic structure. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 63(1–2), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2004.11.001