Share:


Achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDG) in Portugal and forecast of key indicators until 2030

    Daniela Firoiu Affiliation
    ; George H. Ionescu   Affiliation
    ; Ramona Pîrvu   Affiliation
    ; Roxana Bădîrcea Affiliation
    ; Ioana C. Patrichi   Affiliation

Abstract

In the current economic, social and political context, maintaining a stable trajectory of sustainable development, and thus achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, must be the central objective of every European country. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the level of achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Portugal, given that there were no similar published studies. The data used in the research was compiled from European Statistical Office – Eurostat, from 2007 until the most recent reports, and were processed and interpreted based on dynamic indices and time series forecasting (ARIMA model). Research results predict 57.50% achievement of the SDG targets, placing Portugal in the ranks of EU countries with high performance in terms of sustainable development and transition to a low-carbon economy.


First published online 07 October 2022

Keyword : sustainable development goals (SDG), Portugal, sustainable development, SDG indicators, 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

How to Cite
Firoiu, D., Ionescu, G. H., Pîrvu, R., Bădîrcea, R., & Patrichi, I. C. (2022). Achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDG) in Portugal and forecast of key indicators until 2030. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 28(6), 1649–1683. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2022.17645
Published in Issue
Nov 15, 2022
Abstract Views
1506
PDF Downloads
1195
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Abraham, B., & Ledolter, J. (1983). Statistical methods for forecasting, Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470316610

Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2014.942092

Alegre, H., Amaral, R., Brito, R. S., & Baptista, J. M. (2020). Public policies as strategic asset management enablers: The case of Portugal. H2Open Journal, 3(1), 428–436. https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2020.052

Alves, F. L., Sousa, L. P., Almodovar, M., & Phillips, M. R. (2013). Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM): A review of progress in Portuguese implementation. Regional Environmental Change, 13, 1031–1042. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-012-0398-y

Alves, N. (2012). The impact of education on household income and expenditure inequality. Applied Economics Letters, 19(10), 915–919. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2011.607125

Alves, R. F., Precioso, J. A. G., & Becoña, E. (2020). Well-being and health perception of university students in Portugal: The influence of parental support and love relationship. Health Psychology Report, 8(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr.2020.94723

Arnold, J., & Farinha Rodrigues, C. (2015). Reducing inequality and poverty in Portugal (OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 1258). OECD Publishing.

Azeiteiro, U. M., Bacelar-Nicolau, P., Caetano, F. J. P., & Caeiro, S. (2015). Education for sustainable development through e-learning in higher education: Experiences from Portugal. Journal of Cleaner Production, 106, 308–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.11.056

Baltac, A.-G. (2015). Economic and financial analysis based on time series method. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting Finance and Management Sciences, 5(3), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v5-3/1756

Boto-Álvarez, A., & García-Fernández, R. (2020). Implementation of the 2030 agenda sustainable development goals in Spain. Sustainability, 12(6), 2546. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062546

Box, G. E. P., & Jenkin, G. M. (1976). Time series of analysis: Forecasting and control. Holden-Day.

Box, G. E. P., Jenkins, G. M., & Reinsel, G. C. (1994). Time series analysis: Forecasting and control (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall.

Brandão, M., Martins, L., Szewczyczak, M., Talarska, D., Philp, I., & Cardoso, M. (2018). Threats to health and well-being perceived by older people in Poland and Portugal. Acta Médica Portuguesa, 31(7–8), 409–415. https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.9613

Brockwell, P. J., & Davis, R. A. (2002). Introduction to time series and forecasting (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/b97391

Cartaxo, T. D. M., Neto, M. D. C. S. F., & Vassalo, V. (2017, April). Smart legal mechanisms for sustainable cities. In Ö. Çınar (Ed.), Book of Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Development (ICSD) (pp. 165–170). Sarajevo. ICSD. https://research.unl.pt/ws/portalfiles/portal/3487026/TCartaxo_MCNeto_VVassalo_Smart_2017.pdf

Carvalho, A., Schmidt, L., Santos, F. D., & Delicado, A. (2014). Climate change research and policy in Portugal. WIREs Climate Change, 5(2), 199–217. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.258

Centeno, M., & Novo, Á. A. (2014). When supply meets demand: Wage inequality in Portugal. IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, 3(23), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-9012-3-23

Custodio Cerezales, E. (2020). What can zero hunger do for global health? Revista Diecisiete, 3, 143–152. https://doi.org/10.36852/2695-4427_2020_03.10

Dello Strologo, A., D’Andrassi, E., Paoloni, N., & Mattei, G. (2021). Italy versus other European countries: Sustainable Development Goals, policies and future hypothetical results. Sustainability, 13(6), 3417. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063417

Development Initiatives Poverty Research. (2020). 2020 global nutrition report: Action on equity to end malnutrition. Bristol.

Dobbins, A., Fuso Nerini, F., Deane, P., & Pye, S. (2019). Strengthening the EU response to energy poverty. Nature Energy, 4, 2–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0316-8

European Environment Agency. (2021). Portugal country profile – SDGs and the environment. https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/sustainability-transitions/sustainable-development-goals-and-the/country-profiles/portugal-country-profile-sdgs-and

Eurostat. (2021a). EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/microdata/european-union-statistics-on-income-and-living-conditions

Eurostat. (2021b). SDG indicators: Goal by goal. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/sdi/indicators

Farinha, C. S., Azeiteiro, U., & Caeiro, S. S. (2018). Education for sustainable development in Portuguese universities: The key actors’ opinions. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 19(5), 912–941. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-09-2017-0168

Ferreira-Leite, F., Bento-Gonçalves, A., Vieira, A., Nunes, A., & Lourenço, L. (2016). Incidence and recurrence of large forest fires in mainland Portugal. Natural Hazards, 84, 1035–1053. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2474-y

Ferreira, J. A., Haase, R. F., Santos, E. R., Rabaça, J. A., Figueiredo, L., Hemami, H. G., & Almeida, L. M. (2019). Decent work in Portugal: Context, conceptualization, and assessment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112, 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.01.009

Firoiu, D., Ionescu, G. H., Băndoi, A., Florea, N. M., & Jianu, E. (2019). Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG): Implementation of the 2030 agenda in Romania. Sustainability, 11(7), 2156. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11072156

Firoiu, D., Ionescu, G. H., Pîrvu, R., Cismaș, L. M., Tudor, S., & Patrichi, I. C. (2021). Dynamics of implementation of SDG 7 targets in EU member states 5 years after the adoption of the Paris agreement. Sustainability, 13(15), 8284. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158284

Gibson, D. V., & Naquin, H. (2011). Investing in innovation to enable global competitiveness: The case of Portugal. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 78(8), 1299–1309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2011.04.004

High-Level Political Forum 2021 under the auspices of the Economic and Social Council. (2021). General statement by Portugal. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/29108Portugal.pdf

Honrado, J. P., Vieira, C., Soares, C., Monteiro, M. B., Marcos, B., Pereira, H. M., & Partidário, M. R. (2013). Can we infer about ecosystem services from EIA and SEA practice? A framework for analysis and examples from Portugal. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 40, 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2012.12.002

Horta, A., Gouveia, J. P., Schmidt, L., Sousa, J. C., Palma, P., & Simões, S. (2019). Energy poverty in Portugal: Combining vulnerability mapping with household interviews. Energy and Buildings, 203, 109423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109423

International Labour Organization. (2018). Decent work in Portugal 2008–18: From crisis to recovery. International Labour Office, Switzerland, Geneva.

Ionescu, G. H., Firoiu, D., Tănasie, A., Sorin, T., Pîrvu, R., & Manta, A. (2020). Assessing the achievement of the SDG targets for health and well-being at EU Level by 2030. Sustainability, 12(14), 5829. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145829

Ionescu, G. H., Jianu, E., Patrichi, I. C., Ghiocel, F., Țenea, L., & Iancu, D. (2021). Assessment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) implementation in Bulgaria and future developments. Sustainability, 13(21), 12000. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112000

Ledoux, C., Pilot, E., Diaz, E., & Krafft, T. (2018). Migrants’ access to healthcare services within the European Union: A content analysis of policy documents in Ireland, Portugal and Spain. Global Health, 14, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-018-0373-6

Liobikienė, G., & Dagiliūtė, R. (2016). The relationship between economic and carbon footprint changes in EU: The achievements of the EU sustainable consumption and production policy implementation. Environmental Science & Policy, 61, 204–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.04.017

Lopes, P. D. (2020). Affordability and disconnections challenges in implementing the human right to water in Portugal. Water, 12(3), 684. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12030684

Loureiro, S. M. C., Dias Sardinha, I. M., & Reijnders, L. (2012). The effect of corporate social responsibility on consumer satisfaction and perceived value: The case of the automobile industry sector in Portugal. Journal of Cleaner Production, 37, 172–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.07.003

Matlin, S. A., Depoux, A., Schütte, S., Flahault, A., & Saso, L. (2018). Migrants’ and refugees’ health: Towards an agenda of solutions. Public Health Reviews, 39, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-018-0104-9

Ministry of Environment, Spatial Planning and Energy. (2015). 2016–2020: Strategic plan for the water and sanitation sector in Portugal. https://files.dre.pt/2s/2015/04/084000000/1062610630.pdf

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Portugal. (2017). National report on the implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/15766Portugal2017_EN_REV_FINAL_29_06_2017.pdf

Molina-Terrén, D. M., Xanthopoulos, G., Diakakis, M., Ribeiro, L., Caballero, D., Delogu, G. M., Viegas, V. X., Silva, C. A., & Cardil, A. (2019). Analysis of forest fire fatalities in Southern Europe: Spain, Portugal, Greece and Sardinia (Italy). International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28(2), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF18004

OECD. (2020). How’s Life? 2020: Measuring well-being. OECD Publishing.

Olsen S. B., Olsen, E., & Schaefer, N. (2011). Governance baselines as a basis for adaptive marine spatial planning. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 15, 313–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-011-0151-6

Pouliakas, K., & Theodossiou, I. (2010). Differences in the job satisfaction of high-paid and low-paid workers across Europe. International Labour Review, 149(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913X.2010.00073.x

Premalatha, M., Tauseef, S. M., Abbasi, T., & Abbasi, S. A. (2013). The promise and the performance of the world’s first two zero carbon eco-cities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25, 660–669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.011

Pye, S., Dobbins, A., Baffert, C., Brajković, J., Grgurev, I., De Miglio, R., & Deane, P. (2015). Energy poverty and vulnerable consumers in the energy sector across the EU: Analysis of policies and measures. Policy Report May 2015/2. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/default/files/documents/INSIGHT_E_Energy%20Poverty-Main%20Report.pdf

Ratinho, T., & Henriques, E. (2010). The role of science parks and business incubators in converging countries: Evidence from Portugal. Technovation, 30(4), 278–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2009.09.002

Ribeiro, R., Coelho, L., & Ferreira-Valente, M. A. (2015). Unemployment and gender equality within the family in Portugal. Ex-Aequo, 32, 69–85. https://doi.org/10.22355/exaequo.2015.32.05

Rodrigues, C. F., & Andrade, I. (2014). Portugal: There and back again, an inequality’s tale. In B. Nolan et al. (Eds.), Changing inequalities and societal impacts in rich countries: Thirty countries’ experiences (pp. 514–540). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199687428.003.0022

Santos, G., Gomes, S., Braga, V., Braga, A., Lima, V., Teixeira, P., & Sá, J. C. (2019). Value creation through quality and innovation – a case study on Portugal. The TQM Journal, 31(6), 928–947. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-12-2018-0223

Selada, C. (2017). Smart cities and the Quadruple helix innovation systems conceptual framework: The case of Portugal. In S. De Oliveira Monteiro, & E. Carayannis (Eds.), The Quadruple innovation helix nexus (pp. 211–244). Palgrave Macmillan.

Simoes, S. G., Gregório, V., & Seixas, J.(2016). Mapping fuel poverty in Portugal, Energy Procedia, 106, 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.12.112

Sousa, J. C. G., Ribeiro, A. R., Barbosa, M. O., Pereira, M. F. R., & Silva, A. M. T. (2018). A review on environmental monitoring of water organic pollutants identified by EU guidelines. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 344, 146–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.058

Statistics Portugal. (2021). Agenda 2030 indicators for Portugal 2010/2020. https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?look_parentBoui=508331411&att_display=n&att_download=y

Teotónio, C., Fortes, P., Roebeling, P., Rodriguez, M., & Robaina-Alves, M. (2017). Assessing the impacts of climate change on hydropower generation and the power sector in Portugal: A partial equilibrium approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 74, 788–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.002

Turco, M., Jerez, S., Augusto, S., Tarín-Carrasco, P., Ratola, N., Jiménez-Guerrero, P., & Trigo, R. M. (2019). Climate drivers of the 2017 devastating fires in Portugal. Scientific Reports, 9, 13886. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50281-2

United Nations. (1982). United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf

United Nations. (1992). United Nations framework convention on climate change. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/convention_text_with_annexes_english_for_posting.pdf

United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. www.https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org

United Nations. (2021). COP 26 The Glasgow Climate Pact. https://ukcop26.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/COP26-Presidency-Outcomes-The-Climate-Pact.pdf

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2020). Global trends in forced displacement. https://www.unhcr.org/60b638e37/unhcr-global-trends-2020

UN Women. (2021). Progress on the Sustainable Development Goals: The gender snapshot 2021. https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2021/09/progress-on-the-sustainable-development-goals-the-gender-snapshot-2021#view

Wall, K. (coord.), Cunha, V., Atalaia, S., Rodrigues, L., Correia, R., Correia, S. V., & Rosa, R. (2017). White paper – men and gender equality in Portugal. Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Lisbon.

Włodarczyk, B., Szturo, M., Ionescu, G. H., Firoiu, D., Pirvu, R., & Badircea, R. (2018). The impact of credit availability on small and medium companies, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 5(3), 565–580. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2018.5.3(12)